Gurmeet first gained prominence through his portrayal of Shri Ram in the 2008 television series Ramayan, opposite Debina Bonnerjee who played the role of Sita. Choudhary participated in the reality show Pati Patni Aur Woh with his then fiancée, Debina Bonnerjee who also played Sita in Ramayan. After this show, he played the role of a business magnate Maan Singh Khurana in Geet – Hui Sabse Parayi alongside Drashti Dhami. He played a lead role in the show Punar Vivah as Yash Sindhia, a widower father of two.

Gurmeet participated in and won the fifth season of the popular dance contest Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa with choreographer Shampa Sonthalia. He competed in the dance contest Nach Baliye 6 alongside his wife Debina Bonnerjee, his co-star from Ramayan, whom he had married in 2011, in which he finished as the first runner up. He participated in an action reality show Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi (season 5) where he was named the first runner-up.

Gurmeet Choudhary's first foray into the Bollywood film industry was in 2015 when he was caste as the character of Jaidev in the psychological thriller Khamoshiyan, produced by Fox Studios India and Vishesh Films. His next big break was in Wajah Tum Ho, a 2016 thriller produced by T-Series where he played the character of Ranbir Bajaj one of the main protagonists, alongside Sharman Joshi. In the 2018 war biopic Paltan by J.P. Dutta, and ZEE Studios, Gurmeet was caste as Capt. Prithvi Singh Dagar a real life officer of the Indian Army, who had played a significant part during the 1967 border conflict between India and China which also serves as the primary context of the film.

Due to his intense portrayal of an antagonist in Khamoshiyan. 2017 saw him being featured in the Top 10 list of the Sexiest Asian Man Alive, coming in at the 8th spot between Salman Khan and Ranveer Singh.

He is also a trained martial artist.